Items filtered by date: September 2025

Corns and calluses are very similar in that they both involve a thickening of skin on the feet and are caused by friction or pressure. What makes them different are their sizes and where they develop on the feet. Corns are smaller, rounder, and they usually show up on the soles of the foot as well as on the sides and tops of the toes. Calluses are larger, yellowish, and typically are found on the balls of the foot. Removing or greatly reducing the source of friction, as well as certain topical treatments may help to dissolve corns and calluses. In severe cases, or when the patient has diabetes or poor circulation, consultation with a podiatrist is suggested.

Corns can make walking very painful and should be treated immediately. If you have questions regarding your feet and ankles, contact Philip C. Caswell, DPM of Family Foot & Ankle Care. Our doctor will treat your foot and ankle needs.

Corns: What Are They? And How Do You Get Rid of Them?
Corns are thickened areas on the skin that can become painful. They are caused by excessive pressure and friction on the skin. Corns press into the deeper layers of the skin and are usually round in shape.

Ways to Prevent Corns
There are many ways to get rid of painful corns such as:

• Wearing properly fitting shoes that have been measured by a professional
• Wearing shoes that are not sharply pointed or have high heels
• Wearing only shoes that offer support

Treating Corns

Although most corns slowly disappear when the friction or pressure stops, this isn’t always the case. Consult with your podiatrist to determine the best treatment option for your case of corns.

If you have any questions, please feel free to contact our office located in Sparta, NJ . We offer the newest diagnostic and treatment technologies for all your foot care needs.

Poor circulation in the legs and feet can lead to discomfort, swelling, numbness, and delayed healing of wounds. It is often linked to diabetes, peripheral artery disease, or a sedentary lifestyle. Limited blood flow reduces oxygen delivery to tissues, which may increase the risk of infections and long-term complications, if left untreated. There are simple steps that can help improve circulation. First, regular movement such as walking or gentle stretching stimulates blood flow and keeps vessels active. Second, wearing supportive footwear and avoiding tight socks can reduce pressure on the feet and ankles. Third, keeping the feet warm with insulated shoes or socks can prevent vessel constriction, which is especially helpful for anyone who is sensitive to even mild cold. If you are experiencing persistent symptoms of poor circulation, it is suggested that you see a podiatrist for a proper diagnosis and appropriate treatment.

While poor circulation itself isn’t a condition; it is a symptom of another underlying health condition you may have. If you have any concerns with poor circulation in your feet contact Philip C. Caswell, DPM of Family Foot & Ankle Care. Our doctor will treat your foot and ankle needs.

Poor Circulation in the Feet

Peripheral artery disease (PAD) can potentially lead to poor circulation in the lower extremities. PAD is a condition that causes the blood vessels and arteries to narrow. In a linked condition called atherosclerosis, the arteries stiffen up due to a buildup of plaque in the arteries and blood vessels. These two conditions can cause a decrease in the amount of blood that flows to your extremities, therefore resulting in pain.

Symptoms

Some of the most common symptoms of poor circulation are:

• Numbness
• Tingling
• Throbbing or stinging pain in limbs
• Pain
• Muscle Cramps

Treatment for poor circulation often depends on the underlying condition that causes it. Methods for treatment may include insulin for diabetes, special exercise programs, surgery for varicose veins, or compression socks for swollen legs.

As always, see a podiatrist as he or she will assist in finding a regimen that suits you. A podiatrist can also prescribe you any needed medication. 

If you have any questions, please feel free to contact our office located in Sparta, NJ . We offer the newest diagnostic and treatment technologies for all your foot care needs.

Tarsal tunnel syndrome is a condition that occurs when the posterior tibial nerve is compressed as it passes through the tarsal tunnel located along the inside of the ankle. This compression can cause pain, tingling, burning, or numbness that may radiate into the foot or toes. Risk factors include flat feet, varicose veins, arthritis, diabetes, or previous injuries to the ankle. Symptoms often worsen with activity and can make walking or standing uncomfortable. A podiatrist can evaluate the condition, provide diagnostic testing, and offer treatments, such as orthotics or, in some cases, surgical options. If you have pain in this part of your foot, it is suggested that you schedule an appointment with a podiatrist who can accurately diagnose and treat what may be going on.

Tarsal tunnel syndrome can be very uncomfortable to live with. If you are experiencing tarsal tunnel syndrome, contact Philip C. Caswell, DPM of Family Foot & Ankle Care. Our doctor can provide the care you need to keep you pain-free and on your feet.

Tarsal Tunnel Syndrome

Tarsal tunnel syndrome, which can also be called tibial nerve dysfunction, is an uncommon condition of misfiring peripheral nerves in the foot. The tibial nerve is the peripheral nerve in the leg responsible for sensation and movement of the foot and calf muscles. In tarsal tunnel syndrome, the tibial nerve is damaged, causing problems with movement and feeling in the foot of the affected leg.

Common Cause of Tarsal Tunnel Syndrome

• Involves pressure or an injury, direct pressure on the tibial nerve for an extended period of time, sometimes caused by other body structures close by or near the knee.
• Diseases that damage nerves, including diabetes, may cause tarsal tunnel syndrome.
• At times, tarsal tunnel syndrome can appear without an obvious cause in some cases.

The Effects of Tarsal Tunnel Syndrome

• Different sensations, an afflicted person may experience pain, tingling, burning or other unusual sensations in the foot of the affected leg.
• The foot muscles, toes and ankle become weaker, and curling your toes or flexing your foot can become difficult.
• If condition worsens, infections and ulcers may develop on the foot that is experiencing the syndrome.

A physical exam of the leg can help identify the presence of tarsal tunnel syndrome. Medical tests, such as a nerve biopsy, are also used to diagnose the condition. Patients may receive physical therapy and prescriptive medication. In extreme cases, some may require surgery.

If you have any questions please contact our office located in Sparta, NJ . We offer the newest diagnostic and treatment technologies for all your foot and ankle needs.

Pronation is the natural motion your foot makes as it rolls inward when walking or running, helping to absorb shock and distribute weight evenly. In neutral pronation, the heel strikes the ground first, the arch lowers slightly to cushion impact, and weight is smoothly transferred forward to push off the toes. This balanced motion keeps the feet and ankles aligned, supporting efficient movement. When overpronation occurs, the foot rolls too far inward, often placing excess strain on the arch, heel, and big toe. This can lead to plantar fasciitis or arch pain. Underpronation, also called supination, means the foot rolls outward with each step. This can increase stress on the smaller toes and outer edge of the foot. Both abnormal patterns may contribute to ankle instability, repetitive injuries, or uneven wear on the feet. A podiatrist can evaluate your gait, identify pronation issues, and recommend proper treatment. If you are experiencing foot pain that may be linked to your gait, it is suggested that you make an appointment with a podiatrist for a diagnosis and treatment.

If you have any concerns about your feet, contact Philip C. Caswell, DPM from Family Foot & Ankle Care. Our doctor can provide the care you need to keep you pain-free and on your feet.

Biomechanics in Podiatry

Podiatric biomechanics is a particular sector of specialty podiatry with licensed practitioners who are trained to diagnose and treat conditions affecting the foot, ankle and lower leg. Biomechanics deals with the forces that act against the body, causing an interference with the biological structures. It focuses on the movement of the ankle, the foot and the forces that interact with them.

A History of Biomechanics

• Biomechanics dates back to the BC era in Egypt where evidence of professional foot care has been recorded.
• In 1974, biomechanics gained a higher profile from the studies of Merton Root, who claimed that by changing or controlling the forces between the ankle and the foot, corrections or conditions could be implemented to gain strength and coordination in the area.

Modern technological improvements are based on past theories and therapeutic processes that provide a better understanding of podiatric concepts for biomechanics. Computers can provide accurate information about the forces and patterns of the feet and lower legs.

Understanding biomechanics of the feet can help improve and eliminate pain, stopping further stress to the foot.

If you have any questions please feel free to contact our office located in Sparta, NJ . We offer the newest diagnostic and treatment technologies for all your foot and ankle needs.

Having flat feet is often seen as a concern for young athletes, but research shows it is not a disadvantage. Studies using balance testing, tiptoe standing angle, and repetitive leg movements have found no confirmed disadvantages for children or teens with flat arches when compared to those with higher arches. Athletic ability, strength, and coordination remain unaffected, allowing young athletes to perform at their best. A podiatrist can help by evaluating foot structure, offering supportive footwear or orthotics, if needed, and guiding proper training techniques to prevent injury. If you are concerned about flat feet in your child, it is suggested that you consult a podiatrist for reassurance and expert advice to keep them active and confident.

Flatfoot is a condition many people suffer from. If you have flat feet, contact Philip C. Caswell, DPM from Family Foot & Ankle Care. Our doctor will treat your foot and ankle needs.

What Are Flat Feet?

Flatfoot is a condition in which the arch of the foot is depressed and the sole of the foot is almost completely in contact with the ground. About 20-30% of the population generally has flat feet because their arches never formed during growth.

Conditions & Problems:

Having flat feet makes it difficult to run or walk because of the stress placed on the ankles.

Alignment – The general alignment of your legs can be disrupted, because the ankles move inward which can cause major discomfort.

Knees – If you have complications with your knees, flat feet can be a contributor to arthritis in that area.  

Symptoms

• Pain around the heel or arch area
• Trouble standing on the tip toe
• Swelling around the inside of the ankle
• Flat look to one or both feet
• Having your shoes feel uneven when worn

Treatment

If you are experiencing pain and stress on the foot you may weaken the posterior tibial tendon, which runs around the inside of the ankle. 

If you have any questions, please feel free to contact our office located in Sparta, NJ . We offer the newest diagnostic and treatment technologies for all your foot care needs.